Sash-holder



(Non/mel.)

0. P. HAMMARLUND & E. LARSON.

SASH HOLDER.

Patented June 4, 1889.

ummm/l/l/ y shall not ratt-le with the movement of the car,

' liable to swell, causing the window to bind UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.'

OSCAR P. HAMMARLUND AND EMIL LARSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SASH-HOLDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,537, dated June 4, 1889.

Application filed October 30, 1888.

To @ZZ whom it r11/ty concern:

Be it known that we, OSCAR P. HAMMAR- LUND, a subject of the King of Sweden, and EMIL LARSON, a citizen of the United States, residents of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Vindows, of which the following is a speciiication.

Our invention relates to an improvement in windows which are opened and closed by raising and lowering, and our improvement is especially designed for use in car-windows.

As car-windows are ordinarily constructed they are the cause of much trouble and annoyance owing to rattling or to difficulty in raising and lowering' them. In order that they it is necessary that they shall iit snugly in the casing; but while this tends to obviate one difficulty it gives rise to another, since under the effects of the weather the wood is in its casing, and causing great difficulty in the matter of opening and closing. Other effects of the weather are to cause shrinkage of the wood, so that if even moderate allowance is made to compensate for swelling the additional space between the sash and its casing produced by the shrinkage of the former will cause it to rattle when the car is in motion and admit drafts and dust. Another objection to car-windows as commonly constructed is due to the disposition of the lifts and catches which make it necessary to use both hands in raising the sash.

.Our object is to overcome the difficulties above enumerated by providing a window which while it iits snugly in its casing will not be caused to bind by the swelling of the sash or admit dust or rattle when there is shrinkage. It is further our object to provide a window with fastening means whereby it may be secured when closed or at any desired height; and it is still further our object to provide a window which may be readily raised with one hand.

To these ends our invention consists in the general construction of our improvement, and it further consists in details of construction and combinations of parts.

In the drawings, -Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a portion ofthe inside of a railway Serial No. 289,528. (No model.)

passenger-car provided with a window of our improved construction; Fig. 2, a broken partly sectional view in elevation of a window of our improved construction, showing the windowrail and window-stile; and Fig. 3, a section on the line 4L 4 of Fig, l, enlarged and viewed in the direction of the arrows, illustratinga detail.

A is a car-window, of which B is the lower window-rail and C C the widow-Stiles. One of the stiles C is provided in its edge with a longitudinal groove t, and flat springs s s are secured within the groove, preferably in the positions shown.

D is a strip, preferably of wood, which fits the groove t, resting at its inner edge toward opposite ends against the springs s s', its outer edge projecting normally beyond the edge ofthe stile C. Toward one end the strip D carries on its inner edge a stud r, arranged to enter a socket r in stile C, as shown. Toward its opposite end the strip D is provided with a projecting friction-surface q, which may be afforded by a strip of soft rubber counten sunk in the outer edge of the strip D and secured. A stirrup p passes around the strip D, preferably under the friction-surface q, and is provided with projecting ends which embrace the end of a rod E, to which they are connected, as hereinafter described.

The rod E is provided at its end which engages the stirrup p withV a lip o, and at itsopposite end is formed into a yoke o', as shown. The rod E is housed in an opening or bore a in the lower window-rail, which eX- tends, preferably, to the longitudinal center of the rail, where it meets a'n opening n in the inner faceof the latter.

F is a handle comprising a sleeve portion m, having a fia-nge m', provided with screwholes, and surrounding a shank k, capable of being turned within the sleeve m by means of the hand-hold k2, and secured against removal therefrom by a disk k. The handle F is secured at the flange m to the windowrail B, the end provided with the disk lo eX- tending into the opening n. Pins k3 project eccentrically from the face of the disk lo and engage the yoke 0, as shown. When the l window is in operative position, the strip D is caused by the springs s and s to bear against the window-post and press the edge of the window-stile C into its seat in the casing at the opposite side of the window. i

The spring s, while it must necessarily possess sufficient resilience to prevent rattling of the window, does not press the adjacent end of the strip D against the window-post with sufficient force to cause a friction between the surfaces, which would materially resist up and down movement of the window. The spring s', however, is preferably of stiffer quality, and serves in its normal condition to press the friction-surface q against the window-post with suiiicient firmness to hold the window at any adjusted height. To raise or lower the window, it is therefore necessary to disen gage the friction-surface q from the window-post, and this is accomplished by turning the hand-hold k2, the engagement of the eccentric-pins k3 with the yoke o' causing a pin (depending upon the direction of turning) to draw the rod E, and consequently the strip D with its frictioinsurface q, toward the middle of the window.

It is desirable that the handle F be turned from the start against the resistance of a spring, which will cause it to return after each operation to its normal position. IVe therefore connect the rod E and stirrup 1J in the following manner to permit a limited amount of motion to the strip D, independent of the rod E. The end of the rod E, embraced by the ends of the stirrup p, is provided with an elongated slot o2 to surround a pin p', which is secured at opposite ends in the stirrup p, and a flat spring s2 in the slott bears against the lip 0 of the Vrod E to hold the latter normally at the limit of its outward movement. This construction, it will be seen, prevents the contraction or swelling of the window, or the yielding or resilient motion of the strip D within certain limits, from aifecting the normal position of thehandle F,while the lost motion occasioned by the slot-and pin connection is desirable, inasmuch as it increases the extent to which the handle F must be turned to disengage the frictioirsurface q from the window-post, and thereby prevents a too sudden release of the window. The engagement of the stud r with the slot r prevents any longitudinal movement of the strip I) in the slot t.

As with our improved construction it is only necessary, in order to open the window, to turn the handle F and raise the sash by means ot the latter, ordinary windowelifts maybe dispensed with and the raising effected with the cmployl'nent of butone hand.

The ordinaryl window-catches may also be dispensed with, as, in addition to the steadiness it affords to the window, which obviates all rattling with the motion of the car, the friction-surface q serves to secure the window at any adjusted height with a firmness su t`icient for all ordinary purposes.

Our improved window is applicable for street-ear and other purposes where the window is opened by lowering7 it being only necessary to invert the sash.

lVhat we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

I. In combination with a window, a strip D on a lateral edge of the windowsash to bear against the window-casing, and provided on its outer surface toward one end with a projection q, a resilient medium maintaining the strip normally beyond the lateral edge oll the window, with force suiiicient to sustain the window at any adjusted height by the engagement of the projection q with the ad-A4 jacent surface of the window-casing, a handlc F, affording a window-lift located toward the middle of a horizontal rail of the window and connected with the strip I) near the projection q, substantially as described.

2. In combination with awindow, a strip D at the lateral edge thereof to bear against the window-casing, a resilient medium maintaining the strip normallybeyond the lateral edge of the window, a rod E,loosely connected with the strip to afford lost motion, a sprin maintaining the rod E normally at the limit of its outward movement, and a handle connected with the said rod and operative to retract the rod and with it the strip, substantially as described.

3. In combination with a window, a strip D at the lateral edge thereof to bear against: the window-casing, a resilient medium maintaining the strip normally beyond the lateral edge of the window, a rod E,looscly connected toward one end with the strip to afford lost motion, a spring 32, maintaining the rod E normally at the limit ot' its outward movement, a yoke o on the opposite end of the rod E, and a handle F, carrying pins 7.23, engaging with t-he yoke o', and operative, when turned in either direction, to retract the rod E and with it the strip D, substantially as described.

OSCAR P. IIAMMARLUNI).

IMIL LARSON. In presence of- J. XV. DYRENFoR'rH, M. J. lownns.

IOO

IOS 

